planning:thermal_protection:thermal_protection_works:insulation_prevents_structural_damage_evidence_no.4_measurements_in_a_retrofit
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planning:thermal_protection:thermal_protection_works:insulation_prevents_structural_damage_evidence_no.4_measurements_in_a_retrofit [2010/10/28 12:26] – beatrice | planning:thermal_protection:thermal_protection_works:insulation_prevents_structural_damage_evidence_no.4_measurements_in_a_retrofit [2014/09/18 18:19] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1 | ||
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+ | ====== Thermal protection in retrofits ====== | ||
+ | |||
+ | It can be proved that insulation of buildings leads to significant energy savings and also protects the building substance - not only in new constructions but also in modernised old buildings. Thermal comfort in the home is also improved by thermal insulation.\\ | ||
+ | \\ | ||
+ | |{{ : | ||
+ | |//** An old building before renovation: | ||
+ | Location: 4 Jean-Paul-Platz, | ||
+ | //|//** Renovated building - with Passive House components: | ||
+ | The modernisation includes very good thermal insulation of all\\ | ||
+ | exterior surfaces, including new windows and heat recovery.\\ | ||
+ | Planned by [[http:// | ||
+ | \\ | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Problems due to moisture build-up ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Research shows that increasing the insulation thickness of an external insulation system minimises problems associated with thermal bridges. | ||
+ | \\ | ||
+ | |{{ : | ||
+ | |//** Old building - situation at the facade without insulation **// | ||
+ | \\ | ||
+ | A situation usually found in a partially modernised existing building: new windows were installed, but no insulation was added to the exterior walls. Under winter boundary conditions (outside -5°C; inside 20°C) the resultant surface temperatures within the home fall to 9°C, behind the cabinet in the corner the temperatures can drop below 5°C. At these low temperatures the air contains very little moisture. Therefore the relative humidity rises to high values, and these conditions are perfect for mould growth. | ||
+ | |||
+ | That better insulation eliminates the danger of mould growth is not just luck or limited to the case shown here. By increasing the insulation of the wall, interior surface temperatures rise. Due to the cross heat flow, this occurs even in the critical thermal bridge areas. | ||
+ | \\ | ||
+ | |{{ : | ||
+ | |// | ||
+ | (Photograph: | ||
+ | \\ | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Heating demand ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Particularly remarkable about the heating energy balance of old buildings are the high heat losses through external walls are (see diagram below). | ||
+ | |||
+ | In various demonstration projects e.g. in Ludwigshafen, | ||
+ | \\ | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Energy balances ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | These energy balances have been balanced using the Passive House Planning Package ([[Planning: | ||
+ | \\ | ||
+ | |{{ : | ||
+ | |//** Energy balance of the old building (before): | ||
+ | The high specific losses through the exterior walls (blue) and\\ the attic roof (light red) are particularly noticeable. Solar gains\\ don't count here, because the losses are so high and have to be\\ balanced by the heating system (red), which gives an energy\\ consumption of more than 200 kWh/(m²a) before the refur-\\ bishment (20-litre house).**\\ \\ // | ||
+ | \\ | ||
+ | Because the exemplary refurbishment of the building in Jean-Paul-Platz | ||
+ | |||
+ | The graph below compares the calculated results with those measured: The monthly values during the first year after the modernisation add up to 26.9 kWh/(m²a), in the second year it was 24 kWh/(m²a). The measured consumption is therefore even smaller than the computed value (PHPP computation, | ||
+ | \\ | ||
+ | |{{ : | ||
+ | |//** The consumption measurements documented in this diagram\\ | ||
+ | were performed by the FIW Institute in Munich. The measure-\\ ment results for the whole building are represented as blue\\ squares.**// | ||
+ | \\ | ||
+ | In the illustration, | ||
+ | \\ | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Conclusion ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Based on these example, we can see that excellent thermal | ||
+ | \\ | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ===== See also ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | [[Planning: | ||
+ | [[Planning: | ||
+ | \\ | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Literature ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | **[AkkP 24]** Einsatz von Passivhaustechnologien bei der Altbau-Modernisierung; | ||