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====== Non-residential Passive House buildings ====== 

The Passive House Standard allows for extremely high levels of comfort as well as enormous energy savings - not only for residential buildings. The Passive House Standard has been successfully realised in many different types of buildings including offices, hostels, factories, administrative buildings, sports halls, schools and kindergartens. \\
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===== Passive House schools =====



The Passive House Standard is a sensible alternative, not only for residential buildings. The Passive House Standard has been successfully realised in many different types of buildings including offices, hostels, factories, administrative buildings, sports halls and kindergartens. \\

Passive House school buildings are particularly interesting. Several school buildings have been realised using this standard and experiences gained from their use are now available: The Passive House Standards allows for energy savings of around 75% in comparison with average new school buildings - and of course there is no need for an additional heating or cooling system. The additional investment costs are within reasonable limits. \\
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[[planning:non-residential_passive_house_buildings:passive_house_schools:Passive House schools – Requirements|]]\\

[[planning:non-residential_passive_house_buildings:passive_house_schools:how go about it?]] \\

[[planning:non-residential_passive_house_buildings:passive_house_schools:Air quality in schools|]]\\
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[{{:picopen:riedberg-schule_frankfurt_passivhaus.jpg?300|**Best Practice Example - Riedberg Passive House School**\\ The Passive House primary school and day nursery in Riedberg Frankfurt a.M. was opened in November 2004 after a construction period of only 14 months. The extra costs for achieving the Passive House Standard were a moderate 5.3 % in comparison with the currently valid EnEV (German energy saving regulations) standard. [[examples:non-residential_buildings:passive_house_schools:central_europe:riedberg_passive_house_school_frankfurt_germany|Read more]]}}]

[{{:picopen:secondary_school_in_baesweiler_-_fig_2.jpg?300|**Secondary school in Baesweiler - modernised and energy-optimised to the Passive House Standard – a unique exemplary model!** \\ Besides great environmental benefits like saving 90 % in heating costs and saving 530 tons of CO<sub>2</sub> per year, the decision-makers of the City of Baesweiler made it their objective to contribute to the elimination of a misconception which also many architects subscribe to, that “Passive Houses are thickly insulated, disproportionate, impersonal blocks that are impossible to realise in a good quality architectural style”. [[examples:non-residential_buildings:passive_house_schools:central_europe:riedberg_passive_house_school_frankfurt_germany|Read more]]}}]

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===== Passive House office buildings =====

**Certification of Passive House office buildings** - Passive House office buildings are certified by the Passive House Institute (PHI) based on a standard occupancy level and corresponding internal gains of 3.5 W/m² (the reference area being the “treated floor area” of the PHPP, not the office area). From the PHI’s experience this value represents a typical average, taking into account an improved efficiency of the equipment used. The reasons why the PHI uses standard values for certification are partly to be able to ensure consistency and also because the use of a building is often not permanent and not always prior known. [[certification:certified_passive_houses:certification_of_passive_house_offices|Read more]] \\
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===== Passive House swimming pools =====

[{{ :picopen:img_9483_eingangsfront_detail_heller.jpg?300|**Passive House indoor swimming pool in Lünen** \\ The indoor swimming pool in Lünen was built based on the Passive House approach established for this type of building in fundamental research by the Passive House Institute. In order to verify the effectiveness of the concept and approaches in the afore mentioned baseline study and to identify further potentials for optimisation, comprehensive monitoring of the pool was carried out during the first 1.5 years of operation. \\ [[examples:non-residential_buildings:passive_house_swimming_pools|Read more]]}}]


**Energy efficiency in public indoor swimming pools** \\

The Passive house concept can be applied as a guiding principle for swimming pool buildings as well; the objective is to achieve optimal thermal comfort with significantly reduced energy consumption. The following article is a combination of different publications that deal with the basic principles of applying the Passive House concept for public indoor swimming pools. \\
[[planning:non-residential_passive_house_buildings:swimming pools:Energy efficiency in public indoor swimming pools|Read more]] \\
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===== Passive House concept in hospitals =====

**Baseline study - implementing the Passive House concept in hospitals** \\

//This article is published in the [[http://www.passiv.de/literaturbestellung/index.php/de/product/view/12/1455|Conference proceedings]] of the 18<sup>th</sup> International Passive House Conference 2014://

Evaluations of consumption statistics show that hospitals are among the buildings that consume the most energy. To evaluate and tap the conservation potential of retrofits and energy-efficient new builds, the State of Hesse studied basic issues for the implementation of the Passive House Standard in hospitals while constructing a new build for the Frankfurt Höchst Clinic. [[planning:non-residential_passive_house_buildings:ph hospitals:Baseline study - implementing the Passive House concept in hospitals|Read more]] \\ 

[[planning:building_services:ventilation:Passive_House_when_reasoning_becomes_passion|]]\\

[[http://www.passiv.de/downloads/05_krankenhaus_grundlagenstudie.pdf|Download]] (pdf 5,8 MB) of the long version of the report "Baseline study on implementing the Passive House concept in hospitals" on www.passivehouse.com  //(only available in German language)// \\
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**Aspects of efficient ventilation in hospitals** \\

//This article is published in the [[http://www.passiv.de/literaturbestellung/index.php/de/product/view/12/1455|Conference proceedings]] of the 18<sup>th</sup> International Passive House Conference 2014://

Certain areas of hospitals require great air flows, with especially high air exchange rates found in operation rooms, labs, and areas where utensils are sterilized. Ventilation systems therefore make up a significant share of total energy demand. In addition, a large number of individual components are needed to filter and purify the air in compliance with hygienic and functional requirements for individual hospital areas (especially operating rooms). The sum of these individual pressure losses has a great impact on ventilators' power consumption. [[planning:non-residential_passive_house_buildings:ph hospitals:Aspects of efficient ventilation in hospitals|Read more]] \\ 
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===== Energy efficiency in cafeterias and commercial kitchens =====

**Energy efficiency in cafeterias and commercial kitchens**

//This article is published in the [[http://passiv.de/literaturbestellung/index.php/en/product/view/12/1433|Conference proceedings]] of the 17<sup>th</sup> International Passive House Conference 2013://

Commercial kitchens are one of the most energy-intensive areas of buildings. In addition to cooking, dishes are washed and food is kept cool, all of which requires a lot of energy; in addition, each of these processes creates a lot of internal heat and moisture, which has to be drawn out of the kitchen with sufficiently dimensioned ventilation systems. Energy-efficient kitchen equipment therefore offers benefits in several ways – it saves energy, generally reduces internal loads, and thus allows smaller ventilation units to be used. The topic is especially timely as Germany switches to all-day schools with school cafeterias. [[planning:non-residential_passive_house_buildings:Cafeterias and commercial kitchens:energy efficiency in cafeterias and commercial kitchens|Read more]] \\
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**Ventilation in commercial kitchens**

//This article is published in the [[http://passiv.de/literaturbestellung/index.php/en/product/view/12/1433|Conference proceedings]] of the 17<sup>th</sup> International Passive House Conference 2013:
//

A large part of the energy used in commercial kitchens is devoted to ventilation. Kitchen ventilation systems have to remove heat, moisture, and aerosols emitted during cooking and cleaning from the indoor air to ensure tolerable working conditions for staff. \\ [[planning:non-residential_passive_house_buildings:cafeterias_and_commercial_kitchens:ventilation_in_commercial_kitchens|Read more]] \\
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===== Passive House retail =====

//These and more articles can be found in [[http://passiv.de/literaturbestellung/index.php/en/product/view/31/268|Protocol Volume No. 40]] about "Passive House Retail Stores" of the "Research Group for Cost-effective Passive Houses" (only available in German). // \\

[[planning:non-residential_passive_house_buildings:Passive House Retail|Introduction: Retail stores as Passive Houses]] \\


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===== Retrofitting non-residential buildings to the Passive House / EnerPHit-standard =====

**Factors that influence the energy balance and affordability of non-residential EnerPHit-projects** \\

Does it make sense to retrofit non-residential buildings with Passive House components if the buildings have a lot of internal heat sources? \\
[[basics:affordability:investing_in_energy_efficiency:economic_feasibility_of_passive_house_retrofits:factors_that_influence_the_energy_balance_and_affordability_of_non-residential_enerphit_projects|Read more]] \\
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[[phi_publications:Summary - Using Passive House technology for retrofitting non-residential buildings|Summary - Using Passive House technology for retrofitting non-residential buildings]] \\

[[phi_publications:Summer situations in refurbished non-residential buildings|Summer situations in refurbished non-residential buildings]]
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====== See also ======

[[http://passiv.de/downloads/03_certfication_criteria_nonresidential_en.pdf|Certification criteria for non-residential Passive Houses buildings - English]] \\

[[certification:certified_passive_houses:certification_criteria_in_other_languages|Certification criteria for non-residential Passive Houses buildings - Other languages]] \\

[[http://passiv.de/downloads/03_certification_criteria_enerphit_en.pdf|Certification criteria for non-residential energy retrofits - English]]

=== Nr.41 Cooling in non-residential Passive House buildings  ===
  * [[phi_publications:Nr. 41: Solar gains – sun protection – daylight use – internal heat sources – artificial lighting – EDP equipment; Experiences with the lu-teco office building| Solar gains – sun protection – daylight use – internal heat sources – artificial lighting – EDP equipment: Experiences with the lu-teco office building]]
  * [[phi_publications:PB 41: Planning tools for the summer situation in non-residential buildings|Planning tools for the summer situation in non-residential buildings]]